Concepts of Relational Database Management Systems

Introduction of Relational Model

4 topics

• Codd's Rules
• Relational operations Algebra (select, project, union, intersection, rename)
• Transaction control language: commit, savepoint, rollback
• Data Control language: Grant, Revoke

Advanced SQL

7 topics

• Data types (NUMBER, CHAR, VARCHAR, VARCHAR2, CLOB, NCLOB, LONG, DATE, RAW, LONGROW)
• ROWID pseudo column & DUAL table
• DATE Functions (SYSDATE, SYSTIMESTAMP, TO_CHAR, TRUNC, ROUND, NEXT_DAY, LAST_DAY, MONTHS_BETWEEN, ADD_MONTHS)
• Concepts of Index (Create, drop)
• Join Queries: Inner, Outer (Left/Right/Full), Cross
• Sub Queries with Insert, Update, Delete
• Nested queries

PL/SQL and Conditional and Iterative Statements

6 topics

• Introduction to PL/SQL (Definition & Block Structure)
• Variables, Constants and Data Type
• Assigning Values to Variables
• User Defined Record
• Conditional Statements: IF-THEN, IF-ELSE, multiple conditions, nested IF, CASE
• Iterative statements: Loop-End Loop, For-Loop, While Loop, Exit Loop, Continue

Cursors and Exception Handling

4 topics

• Concepts of Cursors: Implicit & Explicit
• Declare, open, fetch and close cursors
• Cursor Attributes: %FOUND, %NOTFOUND, %ISOPEN, %ROWCOUNT
• Exception Handling in PL/SQL: Named System, Unnamed System, User-defined Exceptions

Previous-year question papers

Published by VNSGU. These open on the university’s own site.

• October 2025Major-2-205 : Concepts of Relational Database Management Systems (TH)
• April 2024MAJOR-2-CONCEPT OF RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (TH)

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